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Writing
- 37 Write legibly.
- 37.a Write words and sentences fluently using correctly-formed manuscript letters with appropriate size and spacing.
- 37.b Demonstrate cursive writing strokes, including undercurve, overcurve, downcurve, and slant.
- 37.c Form uppercase and lowercase letters in cursive.
- 38 Apply knowledge of grade-appropriate phoneme-grapheme correspondences, multisyllabic word construction, syllable division principles, and spelling rules (or generalizations) to encode words accurately.
- 38.a Encode grade-appropriate multisyllabic words using knowledge of syllable types, including open, closed, vowel-consonant-e, vowel teams, vowel-r, and consonant-le.
- 38.b Apply knowledge of multisyllabic word construction and syllable division principles to encode grade-appropriate words correctly.
- 38.c Encode words with final /v/ and /j/ sounds using knowledge that no English word ends with a v or j.
- 38.d Encode one- and two-syllable words with long and short vowel patterns.
- 38.e Encode words with two- and three-consonant blends, including those containing digraphs.
- 38.f Encode words with consonant digraphs, trigraphs, and combinations.
- 38.g Encode words with the common vowel teams, including diphthongs.
- 38.h Encode words with vowel-r combinations.
- 38.i Encode words that follow the -ild, -ost, -old, -olt, and -ind patterns.
- 38.j Encode words with a after w read /ä/ and a before l read /â/.
- 38.k Encode words with or after w read /er/.
- 38.l Encode words with hard and soft c and g.
- 38.m Encode words with vowel y in the final position of one and two syllable words, distinguishing the difference between the long /ī/ sound in one-syllable words and the long /ē/ sound in two-syllable words, and words with vowel y in medial position, producing the short /ĭ/ sound for these words.
- 38.n Encode words with prefixes and suffixes, including words with dropped e and y-to-i changes for suffix addition.
- 38.o Encode grade-appropriate high frequency words that are spelled using predictable, decodable phoneme-grapheme correspondences, including those that contain only one irregularity.
- 38.p Encode contractions with am, is, has, not, have, would, and will, using apostrophes appropriately.
- 38.q Encode frequently confused homophones accurately, using knowledge of English orthography and meaning to facilitate learning.
- 39 Organize a list of words into alphabetical order according to first, second, and third letters.
- 40 Write a personal or fictional narrative using a logical sequence of events, including details to describe actions, thoughts, and feelings and providing a sense of closure.
- 41 Write informative or explanatory texts, introducing the topic, providing facts and relevant details to develop points, and providing a conclusion.
- 42 Write an opinion piece about a topic or text with details to support the opinion, using transitional words and providing a sense of closure.
- 43 Write complete sentences demonstrating knowledge of punctuation conventions.
- 43.a Utilize commas with words in a series in a sentence.
- 43.b Use apostrophes to form contractions and possessives.
- 43.c Use punctuation to set off interjections.
- 43.d Expand sentences using frequently-occurring conjunctions.
- 44 With prompting and support, compose and develop a well-organized paragraph with a topic sentence, details to support, and a concluding sentence.
- 45 Demonstrate understanding of standard English language conventions when writing.
- 45.a Identify the role of a noun, verb, adjective, and adverb within a sentence and explain the type of the information it conveys.
- 45.b Form regular nouns and verbs by adding -s or -es.
- 45.c Form and use simple present and past verb tenses.
- 45.d Form plurals by changing -y to -ies.
- 45.e Form and use frequently-occurring irregular plural nouns and verbs.
- 45.f Use plural possessives.
- 46 Gather and use research to answer questions to complete a research product.
- 46.a Create topics of interest for a research project.
- 46.b Create questions to gather information for a research project.
- 46.c Find information from a variety of sources.
- 46.d Define plagiarism and explain the importance of using their own words.